An electric panel is the main control center of your home’s electrical system. It distributes power from the utility company to the various circuits in your home, and protects your home from electrical hazards such as overloads and short circuits. However, an electric panel can become outdated, overloaded, or damaged over time, and may need to be upgraded to ensure your home’s safety, efficiency, and functionality. In this article, we’ll explain why, when, and how you should upgrade your electric panel, and what benefits you can expect from doing so.
Why You Should Upgrade Your Electric Panel
There are many reasons why you may want to upgrade your electric panel, but the most common ones are:
Safety: An old or faulty electric panel can pose a serious fire risk, as it may overheat, melt, or spark when overloaded or short-circuited. This can damage your wiring, appliances, and electronics, and even cause a house fire. Upgrading your electric panel can prevent these dangers and ensure that your home is protected by modern safety features such as ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) and arc fault circuit interrupters (AFCIs), which can detect and prevent electrical faults.
Efficiency: An outdated or insufficient electric panel can cause energy waste, as it may not be able to handle the electrical demands of your home. This can result in flickering lights, tripping breakers, or reduced performance of your appliances and electronics. Upgrading your electric panel can improve your home’s energy efficiency, as it can provide adequate and consistent power to your devices, and prevent them from running inefficiently or wearing out prematurely. Additionally, some modern electric panels have advanced features such as load monitoring, which can help you track and optimize your energy usage.
Functionality: An electric panel that is too small or old for your home can limit your home’s functionality, as it may not be able to support the electrical needs of your appliances, electronics, or home additions. For example, if you want to install a new air conditioner, electric car charger, hot tub, or home theater, you may need to upgrade your electric panel to accommodate the increased power load. Upgrading your electric panel can enhance your home’s functionality, as it can provide more power, more circuits, and more outlets for your convenience and comfort.
When You Should Upgrade Your Electric Panel
The best time to upgrade your electric panel depends on several factors, such as the age, condition, and capacity of your current panel, as well as your home’s electrical needs and future plans. However, some general signs that indicate that you may need to upgrade your electric panel are:
Your electric panel is more than 25 years old: Electric panels typically last for 25 to 40 years, depending on the quality and maintenance of the panel. However, even if your panel is still working, it may not be up to date with the current electrical codes and standards, and may not be compatible with modern electrical devices. If your electric panel is more than 25 years old, you should consider upgrading it to a newer and safer model.
Your electric panel has fuses instead of circuit breakers: Fuses are an outdated technology that can be dangerous and inconvenient, as they can blow out when overloaded, and need to be replaced manually. Circuit breakers are a more modern and reliable alternative, as they can trip and reset automatically when overloaded, and provide better protection for your home. If your electric panel has fuses instead of circuit breakers, you should upgrade it to a circuit breaker panel as soon as possible.
Your electric panel is damaged or malfunctioning: If your electric panel shows any signs of damage or malfunction, such as rust, corrosion, cracks, burns, loose connections, or buzzing sounds, you should upgrade it immediately, as it can pose a serious safety hazard. A damaged or malfunctioning electric panel can cause electrical shocks, sparks, fires, or power outages, and should be replaced by a licensed electrician.
Your electric panel is frequently overloaded or tripped: If your electric panel is frequently overloaded or tripped, it means that it is not able to handle the electrical load of your home. This can happen if you have too many appliances or devices plugged in at once, or if you have added new appliances or devices that require more power than your panel can provide. Frequent overloads or trips can damage your wiring, appliances, and electronics, and cause power interruptions and fluctuations. If your electric panel is frequently overloaded or tripped, you should upgrade it to a higher-capacity panel that can meet your home’s electrical needs.
How You Should Upgrade Your Electric Panel
Upgrading your electric panel is not a DIY project, as it involves working with high-voltage electricity and complex wiring. It is a job that requires the skills, knowledge, and experience of a licensed electrician, who can perform the upgrade safely and correctly. Here are the basic steps of how an electrician will upgrade your electric panel:
Cut the power supply: The electrician will contact the utility company to disconnect the power supply to your home, to prevent any electrical shocks or accidents during the upgrade.
Remove the old electric panel: The electrician will use diagonal-cutting pliers to sever all the wires inside the old electric panel, and unscrew and remove the panel from the wall. The electrician will dispose of the old panel properly, according to the local regulations.
Install the new electric panel: The electrician will screw a large plywood panel to the wall, to mount the new electric panel. The electrician will feed the service entrance cable through the top of the new panel, and screw the panel to the plywood. The electrician will use a level to ensure that the panel is level and secure.
Make the electrical connections: The electrician will make all the electrical connections inside the new panel, following the manufacturer’s instructions and the local codes. The electrician will connect the service entrance cable to the main breaker, and the ground wire to the ground bar. The electrician will also connect the neutral wire to the neutral bar, and the hot wires to the corresponding circuit breakers.
Feed the house circuits: The electrician will feed the house circuits into the new panel, making sure that each cable passes through a cable connector. The electrician will connect the ground wires and the white wires to the ground and neutral bar, respectively, and the black wires to the circuit breakers. The electrician will label each breaker with the correct house circuit, using a marker or a sticker.
Run the main ground wire: The electrician will run the main ground wire from the bottom of the new panel to the copper water main, using clamps and screws to secure it. The electrician will also install a ground rod outside the house, and connect it to the main ground wire, to provide an additional grounding path for the electrical system.
Reconnect the power supply: The electrician will contact the utility company to reconnect the power supply to your home, and test the new panel for proper operation and safety. The electrician will also arrange for the necessary permits and inspections, to ensure that the upgrade complies with the local codes and standards.
Benefits of Upgrading Your Electric Panel
Upgrading your electric panel can provide you with many benefits, such as:
Increased safety: A new electric panel can reduce the risk of electrical fires, shocks, and injuries, by preventing overloads, short circuits, and electrical faults. A new electric panel can also protect your home from power surges, which can damage your wiring, appliances, and electronics. A new electric panel can also have advanced safety features such as GFCIs and AFCIs, which can detect and prevent ground faults and arc faults, respectively.
Improved efficiency: A new electric panel can improve your home’s energy efficiency, by providing adequate and consistent power to your devices, and preventing them from running inefficiently or wearing out prematurely. A new electric panel can also have features such as load monitoring, which can help you track and optimize your energy usage, and save money on your electricity bills.
Enhanced functionality: A new electric panel can enhance your home’s functionality, by providing more power, more circuits, and more outlets for your convenience and comfort. A new electric panel can also support the electrical needs of your new appliances, devices, or home additions, and allow you to enjoy the benefits of modern technology and lifestyle.
Conclusion
An electric panel is an essential component of your home’s electrical system, and upgrading it can be a worthwhile investment for your home’s safety, efficiency, and functionality. If you notice any signs that your electric panel is outdated, overloaded, or damaged, you should contact a licensed electrician to assess your home’s electrical needs and provide you with a detailed estimate for the cost of upgrading your panel. Upgrading your electric panel can provide you with many benefits, such as increased safety, improved efficiency, and enhanced functionality, and can also increase your home’s resale value.